by A. García-Navarro, J. Olivares, G. García, F. Agulló-López, S. García-Blanco, C. Merchant and J. Stewart Aitchison
Abstract:
Irradiations with F, O at 25MeV and C at 14MeV energy have been performed in KGd(WO4)2 (KGW) in order to fabricate optical waveguides by a novel route based on ion irradiation instead of ion implantation. The method relies on selecting the energy high enough so as to place the maximum of the electronic stopping power a few microns inside the crystal. Then, buried isotropic layers (amorphous-like) are formed which have a low refractive index value of 1.87 (compared to the three crystalline values which are above 2.0). The refractive index profiles obtained are Gaussian-like with O ions and more step-like with the usage of C ions. Fairly low fluences in the range 1×1013–1×1014 have been successfully explored. The results have been compared to those recently obtained for LiNbO3 and have been analyzed with a theoretical model based on thermal spike concept.
Reference:
A. García-Navarro, J. Olivares, G. García, F. Agulló-López, S. García-Blanco, C. Merchant and J. Stewart Aitchison, “Fabrication of optical waveguides in KGW by swift heavy ion beam irradiation”, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, vol. 249, no. 1, pp. 177–180.
Bibtex Entry:
@article{garcia-navarro_fabrication_2006, series = {Ion {Beam} {Analysis}}, title = {Fabrication of optical waveguides in {KGW} by swift heavy ion beam irradiation}, volume = {249}, issn = {0168-583X}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X0600396X}, doi = {10.1016/j.nimb.2006.03.108}, abstract = {Irradiations with F, O at 25MeV and C at 14MeV energy have been performed in KGd(WO4)2 (KGW) in order to fabricate optical waveguides by a novel route based on ion irradiation instead of ion implantation. The method relies on selecting the energy high enough so as to place the maximum of the electronic stopping power a few microns inside the crystal. Then, buried isotropic layers (amorphous-like) are formed which have a low refractive index value of 1.87 (compared to the three crystalline values which are above 2.0). The refractive index profiles obtained are Gaussian-like with O ions and more step-like with the usage of C ions. Fairly low fluences in the range 1×1013–1×1014 have been successfully explored. The results have been compared to those recently obtained for LiNbO3 and have been analyzed with a theoretical model based on thermal spike concept.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2017-07-21}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms}, author = {García-Navarro, A. and Olivares, J. and García, G. and Agulló-López, F. and García-Blanco, S. and Merchant, C. and Aitchison, J. Stewart}, month = aug, year = {2006}, keywords = {Optical waveguides, Swift ion irradiation, Ion nano-tracks}, pages = {177--180}, file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:E:\cmam_papers\files\533\S0168583X0600396X.html:text/html;ScienceDirect Snapshot:E:\Usuarios\Administrator\Zotero\storage\7INH8Z8P\S0168583X0600396X.html:text/html}, }